What Stainless Steel Is Magnetic

1.What Is Stainless Steel?

Stainless Steel-Sourced:cmpionline

You may find stainless steel be used in many places, kitchen appliance, machine instruments or even construction material. It’s an alloy which is made of different kinds of metals. It adopted iron as main part and chromium as main alloying element with other metals like silicon, carbon, nitrogen and manganese added in.

The chromium over 10.5% and carbon over 1.2% in the whole composition of this material make the qualified one. And the qualified stainless steel can later make a series of outstanding job for its features like tarnish and rust resistance, hard and easy-cleaning.

2.How Many TypesOf Stainless Steel Are There?

Based on the main components rate and crystal structure, stainless steel has over 150 types which have specific properties. But the large group of stainless steel can be divided in the five main categories.

Austenitic stainless steels

Austenitic Stainless Steels-Sourced:matmatch

Austenitic stainless steels have types like 302, 303, 304, 316 and so on. Its excellent work in resisting corrosion and extreme temperature makes it popular in making outdoor fence and health care applications.

Ferritic stainless steels

Ferritic stainless steels-Sourced:steeltd

You can get 409, 430, 430F and 444 as the formal Ferritic stainless steels types. It has higher chromium range and lower nickle content. This makes the relative higher price and gives it excellent work in resisting stress corrosion. These features make it irreplaceable in cooking utensils and automotive industry which has high need in heat transfer.

Martensitic stainless steels

Martensitic stainless steels-Sourced:azom

Martensitic stainless steels have the representative types like 410, 416, 420, 431 and so on. It can tempering and hardening because of the carbon content. But the lower content of carton of it made it less resisting to corrosion compared with austenitic one. For the precise instruments like surgical instruments, it makes an outstanding job.

Duplex stainless steels

Duplex Stainless Steels-Sourced:newzelindustries

Duplex stainless steels aren’t that common among all stainless steel types. It has its 2205 and 2304 as the most frequent types. Its high resistance for pitting-and-crevices corrosion makes it welcomed in chemical and petrochemical plants. But the ferrite grain it contained prevent it to be used in low temperature working environment.

Precipitation-hardened stainless steels

Precipitation-hardened steels-Sourced:bestenftet.live

Precipitation-hardened stainless steels, also called as PH, have the represent type like 15-5PH/631 and 17-4 PH/630. You may not see it in our daily life as it is widely used in nuclear industry and aerospace industry. It has the corrosion resisting feature like other stainless steel and have the special high strength compared with other.

3.What Stainless Steel Is Magnetic?

What stainless steel is magnetic? There are a large group of stainless steel and you can hardly define the magnetic property by facial contact. Here are the magnetic stainless steel groups.

Ferritic stainless steels

Ferritic Steel Type-Sourced:stalatube

There are 430, 434, 439 and 444 as typical ferritic stainless steel type. The large participation of iron and ferrite made its name and its magnetic property. But the magnetic property made in this way is not that strong.

Martensitic stainless steels

Martensitic Steels Type-Sourced:powder.samaterials

Martensitic stainless steels have its representive type as 410, 430 and 440. It gets the magnetic property for the ferrite added in and its body-centered tetragonal crystalline structure. This combination makes stronger magnetic ability and the carton added in it made the better strength.

Duplex stainless steels

Duplex Steels Type-Sourced:cougartron

Duplex stainless steels are the new invention type which is highly corrosion resisting. The components of austenitic and ferrite element give it magnetic feature. It combines the advantages of the two elements and can resist more corrosion and make greater strength.

Precipitation-hardened stainless steels

Precipitation-Hardened Steel Type-Sourced:htsgroup

Precipitation-hardened stainless steels get its magnetic property from the hardened cutting rather than the attending of elements like iron and ferrite. It showed high flexibility and strength and is thus used for industries have higher need in strength, corrosion resistance and durability. Its typical types are 15-5PH/631 and 17-4 PH/630.

4.What Stainless Steel Is Not Magnetic?

What stainless steel is nonmagnetic? They are common in our daily life and here is the typical one.

Austenitic stainless steels

Austenitic Steels Type-Sourced:reliance-foundry

Austenitic stainless steels have the participation of ferrite and iron, but the largest adding of this elements failed to endow its magnetic ability. Its crystal structure isn’t smooth and neat to get magnetic property. By hardening or other thermal treatment, it can be magnetic as the crystal structure changed.

5.Why Some Stainless Steel Is Magnetic?

The magnetic property of stainless steel doesn’t exhibit by random. What decides the magnetism of stainless steel? Here are part of reasons.

Ferrite presence

Ferrite Related Products-Sourced:majr

The magnetism features of stainless steel lies on the ferrite greatly. You may have found that the higher level of ferrite adding, the stronger magnetic property it showed. The missing of these elements lost the magnetic property.

Crystal structure of alloy

A Type Of Crystal Structure-Sourced:researchgate.net

Some stainless steels, though have the ferrite inside, lost the magnetic ability for the missing of right crystal structure of alloy. To make magnetic property, the structure should be smooth and neat. The large amount of iron and ferrite show no magnetic property as the crystal structure is not suitable.

Hardening treatment

Hardening Treatment-Sourced:reliance-foundry

Hardening can make a stainless steel magnetic. Precipitation hardening material is the typical one which becomes magnetic in these way. Thermal treatment has other methods to deal material and hardening is the most frequently used one of it to make magnetic property.

Other elements’ affect

Manganese And Molybdenum-Sourced:chemicalbook

The adding of some elements can also act with other elements in stainless steel and affect the magnetic properties. For example, manganese strengthens magnetic affect and molybdenum boosts ferritic grades, which all benefits magnetic property. The suitable adding can make magnetic effect for the nonmagnetic material.

6.What Are The Special UsesOf Magnetic Stainless Steel?

The necessary of stainless steel is obvious. And you can also not ignore the position of magnetic stainless steel which makes the irreplaceable role in many places. Here are some industries magnetic stainless steel frequently used.

Architectural industry

Stainless Steel For Construction Use-Sourced:gbdmagazine

Stainless steel is widely used in architectural industry for its features like, low cost, stability, anti-corrosion and easy cleaning. The appliance of magnetic stainless steel makes the special parts of construction strong, neat, bright and beautiful.

Automotive industry

Magnetic Oil Drain Plug-Sourced:‎upstream

The strength and anti-corrosion ability of magnetic stainless steel appealed automotive industry. They are used to make automotive parts and car restoration. The magnetic oil drain plug is the typical magnetic stainless steel used in automotive industry which remove the unexpected metal particles and make engine cleaner.

Medical industry

Shielding Magnetic Resonance Imaging Machines-Sourced:xgrtec

Medical industry adopts magnetic stainless steel to make electromagnetic which is greatly needed in magnetic shielding for machines like shielding magnetic resonance imaging machines.

Machinery manufacturing industry

Magnetic Stainless Steel For Machine-Sourced:pergar

Magnetic stainless steel can save a lot energy and make more efficient conduction. You can see its appliance in transformers, motors, actuators, sensors and so such parts which requires high conduction and magnetic force.

Home appliance industry

Magnetic Stainless Steel For Refrigerator-Sourced:bestapplianceskins

Magnetic stainless steel is used in home appliance. They are frequently appeared in kitchen, like refrigerator or dishwasher. You can feel the magnetic pull when closing or opening these appliances and it’s the work of magnetic stainless steel.

7.The Difference Between Magnetic And Nonmagnetic Stainless Steel

Magnetic And Nonmagnetic Stainless Steel-Sourced:onlinemetals

Magnetic and nonmagnetic stainless steel showed their specific features not all in the magnetic property. Here are some of its differences.

Item	Magnetic stainless steel	Nonmagnetic stainless steel
Types	l Martensitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels, precipitation-hardened stainless steels, duplex stainless steels;	l Austenitic stainless steels
Anti- corrosion	l The adding of chromium and molybdenum can improve material’s corrosion resisting ability. The lack of it in stainless steel reduces the corrosion resistance ability.	l Adding more chromium and molybdenum which is corrosion resistance.
Cost	l The adding of chromium and molybdenum costs more, the less involving of this two parts has lower cost.	l The adding of this two elements increase its price.
Hardening	l Hardening can change the magnetic properties of stainless steel. For magnetic stainless steel, you can hardened it further.	l Hardening is the thermal treatment for steel which  sometimes used to change the magnetic property of products. The hardening and other thermal treatment for the later should be careful.

8.WhatAffect Magnetic Properties Of Stainless Steel?

Magnetic stainless steel showed different magnetic ability. Have you found it? So have you ever wondered what affect magnetic properties and make the different magnetic force?

Amount of ferrite

Amount of ferrite-Sourced:hyte

Ferrite is the element which exhibit magnetic properties. The larger amount and proportion makes stronger magnetism, while the smaller one makes weaker magnetic strength. So if you want stronger magnetic property, try material with higher proportion of ferrite.

Crystal structure

A Type Of Crystal Structure-Sourced:wikipedia

Crystal structure shows the order of atoms which determines the magnetic properties. The smooth and neat arrangement benefits the magnetic features while the uneven and hard arrangement impedes. Austenitic stainless steels failed to get magnetic ability for this reason.

Adding of other elements

Adding Of Other Elements-Sourced:theconversation

You may improve the magnetic property of stainless steel by adding other elements in it. Manganese and molybdenum are two frequently used elements for improving the magnetic pull of stainless steel. You may adjust the magnetic property of your material by controlling these elements.

Other treatment

Heating Treatment For Stainless Steel-Sourced:dropforging

Heating treatment is the common thermal treatment which changes the crystal structure in heating and make magnetism. Hardening is a typical heating treatment used for add magnetic property. Cold treatment is treating material by rolling or bending your nonmagnetic stainless steel can be magnetic in the process.

9.How Do YouKnow If Your Stainless Steel Is Magnetic?

You can of course tell the magnetic property of your stainless steel by hand testing. But sometimes the magnetic is too weak to feel. To get the right and accurate judge, here are some useful tips for you.

Magnet test

Magnet Testing-Sourced:livescience

This is the most simple testing methods. You can tell the magnetism of stainless steel by a simple magnet. The contacting of magnet and material can tell you if there is magnetic pull.

Magnetic permeability test

Magnetic Permeability Test-Sourced:ptsgroup.co

Magnetic permeability test takes magnetic permeability as conductivity. It tests the magnetic property precisely. You can get the magnetic degree of your material easily as it tests material’s magnetized degree in external field.

Hysteresis graph analysis

Hysteresis Graph Analysis-Sourced:arkival

Hysteresis graph analysis can also make the precise magnetism property test. It can not only test the magnetism intensity, magnetic reversibility and also tell the reaction of material when facing different magnetic field.

Conclusion

Magnetic stainless steel makes such a big role in the manufacturing and daily life. What stainless steel is magnetic? After reading this post, you may have your answers and have a deeper understanding of stainless steel! If you have any questions for these parts. Don’t hesitate to contact us.